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第31章写批注——读书的最好方法ToMartaBook
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佚名Anonymous
Youknowyouhavetoread"betweeogetthemostoutofanything.Iersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthecourse.Iersuadeyouto"writebetweentheli;.Unlessyoudo,youareodothemosteffid.
Id,quitebluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotanautilationbutoflove.
&hiownabook.Thefirstistheprhtyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyoupayfordfurhisactofpurchaseisonlythepreludetopossession.Fullownershipesonlywheapartofyourself,aomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.Anillustratiohepointclear.Youbuyabeefsteakafromthebutcher'siceboxtoyourown.ButyoudonotoweakiimportailyoueitaoyourbloodstreaIamarguingthatbooks,too,mustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.
&hreekindsofbookowhasallthestasa-sellers-uouched.(Thisdeludedindividualownswood,pulpandink,notbooks.)Thesedhasagreatmanybooks-afewofthemreadthrough,mostofthemdippedinto,butallofthemasdshiheywerebought.(Thispersonwouldprobablyliketomakebookshisown,butisrestrainedbyafalserespectfortheirphysicalappearahirdhasafewbooksormany-everyohemdogearedanddilapidated,shakenainualuse,markedandscribbledinfromfronttoback.Thismanownsbooks.
abookiit?First,itkeepsyouawake.AndIdon'tmeanmerelyeanwideawake.Inthesedplag,ifitisactive,isthinking,andthioexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Themarkedbookisusuallythethhbook.Finallywritinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.
Ifreadingistoaplishanythihanpassibeactive.You'tletylideacrossthejnnsofabookahaandingofwhatyouhaveread.Thebooksyoureadforpleasurecadbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butagreatbookriideasay,abookthatraisesareatfualquestiohemostactivereadingofwhichyouarecapable.If,whenyou'vefinishedreadingabookthepagesarefilledwithyournotes,youknowthatyoureadactively.
Butyoumayask,whyiswritingnecessary?Well,thephysicalact,withyourownhand,bringswords,aencesmoresharplybeforeyourmindandprotrayesthembetteriosetdowoimportantwordsaencesyouhaveread,aheyhaveraisedinyourmind,istopreservethosereadsharpeions.
Evenifyouwroteonascratdthreerawaywhenyouhadfiing,yraspofthebookwouldbesurer.Butyoudon'thavetothroeraway.Themargins(topandbottom,asweltasside),theeheathelinesareallavailable.Theyaren'tsad,bestofall,yourmarksandnotesbeeaofthebookandstaythereforever.Youpickupthebookthefollowingweekofyear,andthereareallyourpointsofagreeme,doubt,andinquiry.It'slikeresumiedversatioageofbeiopickupwhereyouleftoff.
Andthatisexactlywhatreadingabookshouldbe:aversatioweenyouahor.Presumablyhekhesubjeyoudo;naturally,you'llhavetheproperhumilityasyouapproachhiButdon'tletahatareaderissupposedtobesolelyeandingisateratidoesn'tbeiyreceptacle.Thelearoquestionhimselfaheteacher.Heevenhastuewiththeteaderstandswhattheteacherissaying.Andmarkingabookisliterallyanexpressionofyourdifferenentsofopinion,withtheauthor.
众所周知,在读书时,只有参透文章的字字句句,才能获得最大的收获。
此外,我还想建议大家,在阅读时,在书上写批注也是同等重要的。
如果不这样做,你就不可能实现最高效的阅读。
我要作一个相当坦率的声辩,在书上写批注是对书的爱护,而不是对书的损毁。
人们可以通过两种方式拥有一本书。
第一种是通过出钱购买而获得书的所有权,就像购买衣服和家具一样。
可是,购买只是拥有书的第一步。
只有当你把书变成自己的一部分时,你才完全拥有了它,而在书上写批注是使书成为自己的一部分的最好办法。
为了把这个问题讲得更透彻,我们来打一个比方。
比如你买了一块牛排,这只是说你把它从肉铺的冰箱转移到了自己的冰箱里,从严格意义上来讲,你并没有拥有它,只有当你把牛排吃掉并吸收到自己的血液中,你才真正拥有了它。
通过这个例子,我想说明,只有当你把书吸收到自己的血液中去,它才会对你产生益处。
书的主人可以分为三种。
第一种拥有各种各样的精装书和畅销书,却从未读过,甚至碰都没有碰过(这种错误地理解拥有书的人,拥有的仅仅是纸浆和油墨)。
第二种人拥有许多书,只是细读了几本,然而大部分书只是浏览了一下,所有的书都像刚刚买回来时那样干净和光亮。
这种人很可能想要拥有书,然而却因对书的外表的错误尊重所限制。
第三种人或许有几本书,也可能有许多书,他在书中从头到尾都作了标注,由于频繁地使用,每本书都有卷角和破损,书页也已经松动,这种人才是真正拥有书的人。
对于阅读,为什么说写批注是必不可少的呢?首先,写批注能够使你保持清醒。
我这里说的清醒不仅仅是指有意识,而是思维非常清晰。
其次,积极的阅读就是思考,而思考能够产生口头或书面语言的表达形式。
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